What is Spinal Stenosis?

Spinal stenosis is defined as narrowing (stenosis) of the spinal canal that occurs in the cervical (neck), thoracic (middle of upper back), and lumbar (low back) regions of the spine. When narrowing occurs it may cause a restriction of the spinal cord and nerves in the spinal canal, resulting in a pain and neurological deficit. The most common symptoms include pain, numbness, paresthesia (abnormal tingling and prickling sensation), and loss of motor control.

Spinal stenosis occurs most commonly in the cervical and lumbar spinal regions. Cervical and lumbar spinal stenosis are most commonly diagnosed because of the mobility of turning and bending that exists in these regions of the spine. Therefore, these regions are most prone to degeneration due to wear and tear. The thoracic spine’s main function is to provide support and stabilization. When the spinal canal narrows, the spinal cord and exiting nerves are more likely to be compressed with constant bending and moving of the vertebrae.

What Causes Spinal Stenosis?

Spinal stenosis is a condition that affects people over the age of 50 years, where your spinal canal starts to narrow. There are many people who have spinal stenosis as evidenced through MRI and CT scans, that my not have any symptoms at all. Spinal stenosis starts gradually and can worsen over time due to many different causes. The symptoms can vary depending on the location of the stenosis and the nerves they compress.

The spine is made up of 33 vertebrae, facet joints and spinal shock-absorbing discs that protect the spinal cord, a key part of our central nervous system that allows our brain to communicate with our body.

For most people, spinal stenosis is caused by arthritis. The spinal canal and the space around the spinal cord and nerves may begin to narrow becoming smaller causing tightness or pinching of the spinal cord and nerves. This pinching causes pain, numbness and tingling in your arms, torso and legs.

What are the Symptoms of
Spinal Stenosis?

There are potentially many symptoms that could happen with spinal stenosis. The symptoms are mainly determined by severity and location in the spine. Here are the most common symptoms:

  •  Sciatica - Shooting pain down one or both legs, start as an ache in the lower back or buttocks.
  •  Foot Drop – Pain and weakness in your leg that may cause you to “drag” your foot on the ground.
  •  Trouble Walking Or Standing - Standing upright the spinal stenosis can compress the spinal nerves and cause pain.
  •  Loss Of Bowel And Bladder Control – In some rare cases the stenosis can cause cauda equina syndrome, weakness of the nerves controlling the bladder or bowel.
  •  Tingling Sensation – Spinal stenosis can compress the nerves in the neck and back causing symptoms in the arms/hands or legs
  •  Weakness – Spinal stenosis can compress the nerves in the neck leading to nerve damage, weakness, and loss of strength in the arms and hands.

What are the Diagnostic & Treatment Options for Spinal Stenosis?

Some patients suffering from spinal stenosis do well with rest and conservative treatment options. When symptoms are severe and last more than 3 months with no relief from conservative treatment, patients may benefit from further diagnostic injections, and least invasive or minimally invasive surgical procedures.

If you are suffering from spinal stenosis and have failed to get adequate care or need a second opinion, contact us at the International Spine Institute for a FREE MRI review or schedule a consultation for 2nd opinion. You don’t need to suffer daily in pain.

Recovery

  • Least Invasive Procedures Because we use conscious sedation instead of general anesthesia, most patients can begin getting out of bed one hour after surgery and go home shortly afterwards. Patients can return to administrative nonphysical work as early as 2 weeks. Pain after surgery is usually around the incision site and well tolerated with non-narcotic medicine such as Ibuprofen. Always consult your physician or orthopedic surgeon before beginning any physical work.
  • Minimally Invasive Spine Most patients can go home once recovered from anesthesia, and their pain controlled with pain medication, within a few hours of surgery. Some patients may elect to stay overnight for observation until post-surgical pain is tolerable. Dr. Rodriguez usually has patients wear a supportive brace when out of bed for 6 weeks. Physical therapy is typically recommended and may be required after 6 weeks. Most patients return to nonphysical work as early as 6 weeks after the surgery. Patients whose jobs require physical labor may need to wait 3-6 months (after adequately rehabilitating the muscles) before they can return to full duty.

    At home, you will need to continue to rest. You will be instructed on how to gradually increase your activity. You may still need to take the pain medications for a while. However, pain and discomfort should begin to reduce within a couple of weeks after surgery. The doctor will discuss with you other techniques for reducing pain and increasing flexibility before you leave for home. Patients can usually go back to administrative work within 2 to 4 weeks. The doctor will also discuss with you a time frame for when you can resume basic activities such as walking, driving and light lifting, and when you can return to more advanced activities such as physical labor, sports and yard work.

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