What is a Cervical Herniated Disc?

The cervical spine plays a significant role in stabilizing your head, allowing you to turn in many directions to see, and protecting your spinal cord. The cervical spine is made up of 7 cervical vertebral bodies with soft but sturdy cushioned cervical discs that act as shock absorbers and stabilize the spine.

A cervical herniated disc can occur when the spine is compressed due to trauma or due to degenerative disc disease, and the inner part of the disc, called the nucleus pulposus, pushes through the outer part of the disc called annulus fibrosus. When the herniated disc (linked to herniated disc page) compresses the spinal cord or exiting spinal nerves, patients can experience severe neck and shoulder pain and radiating pain into the neck, shoulders, arms, and hands.

We routinely evaluate and treat chronic neck, shoulder, arm and hand pain caused by a cervical herniated disc. When your quality of life deteriorates, and conservative treatments fail, call one of our patient care members. Our team can discuss our least invasive treatment options, so you can make an educated decision about your spine care. We believe that “Less is so much more” and we want to help you get back to your life sooner than traditional spine surgery.

What Causes a 
Cervical Herniated Disc?

Herniated discs, in the cervical spine, usually are a result of normal wear and tear, injury or trauma. Natural degenerative disc disease is the most common cause of cervical spine (neck) and the lumbar spine (lower back). Over the years, repetitive strain and motion, the vertebrae, and facet joints that allow movement in your neck begin to wear down the disc. The repetitive motion over time can lead the disc to become dehydrated as a result of the degenerative process is starting to crack, and potentially lead to the nucleus, or inner gel, to abruptly leak or herniate through the outer wall of the annulus. 

What are the Symptoms of a Cervical Herniated Disc?

When the bulging or herniated disc presses on the spinal cord or exiting nerve root it causing sharp pain in the neck, shoulders, or arms and hands. If you experience any of these symptoms, it is crucial that you consult a spinal surgeon. The following symptoms can occur with a cervical herniated disc:

  • Numbness or tingling in the shoulders, arms or down to the fingers
  • Weakness in arm, hand or grip
  • Pain in the neck when turning or in the shoulders, arms and hands
  • Shooting pain or tingling-like electric shock through the shoulders to arms
  • Trouble with coordination or balance

What are the Diagnostic & Treatment Options
for a Cervical Herniated Disc?

How is a Cervical Herniated Disc Diagnosed?

When a patient makes an appointment presenting with pain potentially caused by a herniated disc the surgeon starts with a complete history and physical examination. It is essential for the surgeon to piece together the patient’s story of how the pain or problem began while looking for clues to what is causing the pain. A spine surgeon usually uses four distinct tests to identify the cause of a patient’s pain in the cervical or neck area.

  • MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Scan After the initial exam, the surgeon will typically order an MRI scan. This scan can show the surgeon any nerve root or spinal cord compression that may correlate with the patient’s symptoms.
  • Computerized Tomography (CT Scan) In addition to the MRI, a surgeon may occasionally order a CT Scan with or without myelogram, a slightly more sensitive and invasive test. Mylegram dye is injected into the spinal canal to further enhance the imaging of the spinal cord and can show more definitely the compressed areas of the spinal canal.
  • Pain Management Injections Surgeons often refer the patients for pain management diagnostic injections. These injections have a therapeutic benefit, as well as help pinpoint the pain generator or cervical level that is causing the patient’s pain. If a patient does get temporary relief, but the pain comes back, patients are often referred for least invasive procedures that can reduce and eliminate the cervical pain.
  • EMG (Electromyography) An EMG is another helpful test performed often by neurologists and some pain and physical medicine specialists. This electrical test stimulates selective nerves by inserting small needles into muscles in the arms that may be affected by a compressed nerve in the spine. If the muscles have lost normal innervation, there will be spontaneous electrical activity. The test can also rule out nerve entrapment syndromes like carpal tunnel, ulnar nerve entrapment or brachial plexitis. These syndromes can have similar painful arm symptoms, like a cervical herniation.

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